Preamble:
Just like many other topics of self-development,
Leadership is also one of the most difficult ones to comprehend and reduce it
to cookbook size approach for implementation. During my recent experience of
designing and conducting a leadership development program for senior executives
and writing a book on Pragmatic Leadership, my mind was swarming with a lot of
questions; one of them was, “Are leaders born or developed?” I am one of those firm
believers of the theory “Leaders are developed”. According to me, “Leadership
is not a position but a state of a being”. During my research, I found
that many successful leaders are not from the B-schools of repute; but they have
developed themselves into leaders over their lifetime; they have learned,
observed, shifted their attitude, brought about desired behavioral skills and
transformed themselves into leaders.
During the same training program, one of the participants
asked me a very simple question, “What do
I do differently, when I go back to my usual life after this leadership
training, from Monday morning onwards?” It
was a fair question from an inquisitive participant who wanted the formula for
becoming a leader. This article is an attempt to simplify the application of
leadership skills in daily life.
Trade
off between Expert & Leader:
Growing up as a technical expert till my mid 40s, I
was hoping to reach the pinnacle of corporate ladder very soon. But, I was in
for a rude shock when my seniors informed me that I was an “Expert” and not a
“Leader” and that I lacked general management skills. Over the time, I realized
that leaders are the ones who manage even the experts, even if they themselves
are not experts. It took a while for me to come out of the shock and realize
that I had missed the bus already. There are very few positions on the top of
the corporate hierarchy, and understandably so. And one needs to learn when to
relinquish the urge to be an expert and acquire the skills to become a leader.
This transition is extremely difficult, as it requires a “Let go” attitude at an
appropriate time. When one is climbing Mount Everest, it is the last few steps
that are the most difficult to climb; as even your garments weigh you down and
unless you throw them away, you cannot reach the tallest point on this planet.
Similarly, relinquishing your urge for technical expertize is the key for
becoming a corporate leader.
10 Principles
of Leadership:
I am detailing below 10 easy-to-understand tips on
leadership which are easy to follow and practice on a daily basis and which
allow you to keep a log to check your leadership behavior.
Principle-1:
Love for people
Abraham Lincoln said, “Love and leadership are inseparable”, one cannot become a leader
if one hates people. A lone person can’t be a leader and a leader works with
the people and for the people. Along the way, he inspires and develops other
people into future leaders. So a true leader has to love people and he can’t
afford to hate people and yet pretend to be a leader. If you examine all great
leaders, including the prophets, they have made a great difference to mankind
and have transformed this planet. Please examine your genuine love and respect
towards people and cultivate an attitude that this universe is one integrated
entity and that everything you use throughout the day is made by someone else
working somewhere else; right from the toothbrush to the ‘n’ other things you
use throughout the day. As they say, charity begins at home. Start by showing
your unconditional love to people around you.
Principle-2:
Humility
Benjamin Franklin, in his notes to himself on
Humility, stated “Imitate Jesus” and
at the end of each day he would evaluate himself and see on how many occasions
he felt proud and on how many occasions he felt arrogant about his behavior.
Humility is a state of a being and not a skill to practice. One of the Vedic
seers, without disclosing his identity, once said, “More that I know; I come to know, I don’t know”. Lord Krishna in
Bhagawat Gita said, “All that I have
preached Arjuna was not my knowledge and it was there even before the Sun God
came into existence”. Pride is the folly of ignorant people. Avvaiyar, one
of the great thinkers of all times, once said, “What I learned is equivalent to a handful of sand; whereas what I
haven’t learned is like the rest of the sand in the entire World”. Leaders may
or may not be experts but they know how to work with experts to achieve their vision.
They acknowledge the fact that they lack expertise with all humility; and this
is the hallmark of a true leader.
Principle-3:
Adaptable
Adaptability is one of the virtues of the Leader. In
this universe everything around us is constantly in a flux of change; if you
look at all those modern gadgets and conveniences around us which were not
there thirty years ago, you will see how rapidly things change around us –
internet, satellite communication, cell phones, ipads and so on. If one cannot
adapt them, he or she becomes obsolete. In fact, it is believed that many
animals have become extinct due to their inability to adapt to the changing environments.
Only human beings are believed to have continued for so long without extinction
due to their adaptability to change. Although adaptability is a common virtue
for us, many of us are averse to any kind of change and thus become victims of
change. There are three categories of people – people who become the reason for
change - the Leaders, then people those who adapt to the change and finally the
third category of people who are the victims of change. Leaders foresee the
changing environment and orchestrate change by rocking their boats.
Principle-4:
Positive attitude
Attitude is the GPS that shows the way for progress
in life and Leaders are always found with a positive outlook of life. For some
unknown reasons, some of us are highly negative and always believe that the
future is going to be bleak. Unfortunately, the universe creates what we
intrinsically believe; if we believe health, we become healthy; if we program
ourselves for disease, we end up in hospital. Shiv Khera defines competency as
knowledge, skills plus attitude; if one possess knowledge & skills but
wrong attitude, he/she never performs well. Unfortunately, those who have
attitude issues can’t see this and are often blindfolded; you cannot act on
something that is not known to you in the first place and lies in “I know not that
I know not” domain. As Leadership is creating a future, it is impossible to
create one without believing in it.
Principle-5:
Ethical
There are certain physical and spiritual laws that
govern this universe; a law is the one that exists whether you believe in it or
not; e.g. law of gravity. It cannot cease to exist or fail to act just because you
don’t believe in it. A spiritual law is one that governs the cause and effects;
say “what you sow that you reap” is
an example of a spiritual law. When you hate someone, you have already made a
choice of him or her hating you in return. When you decide to drink, you have
already made a choice of a hangover for the next day! When you violate
temperance and over eat, you have made the choice to feel sluggish. Examples
can be multiplied; it means that “principles” are unwritten laws that run this
universe. Leaders are principle-centered and they let these principles manifest
in their life and their behavior Integrity is one of the principles that
leaders follow; what you think, what you say and how you behave are
aligned.
Principle-6:
Envisioning
Amongst all the creatures in this world, it is only human
beings who have the sense of self-awareness. It means they at any given point
of time, are aware of where they are and what is happening around them. This
higher faculty, which animals don’t possess, enables humans to visualize a
future state and work towards creating it. Although it seems ridiculously
simple and even when it is a common wisdom of all human beings, we rarely come
across people who visualize a lofty future and inspire others to join them in creating
it; People like Abraham Lincoln of the USA who dreamt of freedom or Mahatma
Gandhi of India who visualized a free nation are hard to come by. Most of the
human beings dream only for their own material prosperity, and do not really
think much about the entire mankind or serving some higher purpose. When
someone dreams about purposes larger than their own selfish motives, the whole
universe conspires to help them achieve it. Strangely, the kind of followership
the social reformers enjoy is not really seen much in the corporate world. This
is mainly because the focus is limited to making money and this only inspires
or engages people up to a point. If you wish to unite people, you need to pursue
a vision and purpose that are larger than just making money.
Principle-7:
Integrity
Vivekananda described Integrity as, “Integration of
your thought, speech and actions”. Lord Krishna defined hypocrisy as
“Non-alignment of thought and actions”. One of the most important qualities of
a Leader is integrity, which in management language translates as, “walking-the-talk”.
As we go higher up the corporate ladder, what we really need to improve is our
own behavior as at higher levels we are more involved in inspiring, guiding and
motivating others than in “doing” office routine. ‘Do as you preach,’ they say.
A father who smokes, loses his right to stop his son from smoking. The leader
who never shows up on time loses his right to expect his people to be punctual.
Integrity is the most important virtue of a leader. If a leader is faking, it
won’t take long for the followers to realize this and to stop following him.
Principle-8:
Persuasiveness
A leader always tries to see things ahead of their time,
which others do not care to see! “Seeing
is a physical process and envisioning is an intellectual process,” as I
have said in our previous issue. It is this quality of a person that makes
him/her a leader, ie “Visualizing something which others are unable to”. Mahatma
could see that India could become a free country even after 250 years of
slavery and he passionately believed that Satyagraha was the route. He used to
say this, “They will insult you, punish
you, hurt you and then will accept you”. Associates of Gandhi were unable
to see what he could vividly see. For uniting and engaging all people, the
leader has to communicate his thoughts and has to have patience and
persuasiveness to get their buy-in. In corporate world today, many a times, the
second line of managers do not believe what the CEO visualizes and trusting
their silence in the boardroom is suicidal. The leader needs to persuade his senior
management to align to their corporate vision and goals.
Principle-9:
Learner
Mr. Narayan Murthy once said, LQ – Learning Quotient
is the most important virtue for a Leader. I would say IQ is the least
important attribute for a leader as he/she is not expected to be an expert but is
expected to manage experts in achieving corporate vision. LQ is the sixth sense
that helps us to decide what to learn, how to learn and how much to learn. As a
leader, one must be abreast with all the developments and must know his/her place
in the larger scheme of things. For example, a Leader in our space of work
should know what is Lean or Six Sigma and how it fits in his/her agenda to
improve the organization. He / She needs to have the working knowledge of the
subject; he/she doesn’t necessarily have to be a Master Black belt. LQ keeps a
leader ahead of time and makes him / her act like a guide to other people.
Principle-10:
Contribution
A leader contributes
while still remaining as a non-doer; very paradoxical but true. Then how
can one contribute without doing anything? As one moves up the hierarchy, he is
not expected to be involved in everyday working of the business and the trivia.
He has a bigger role, he has to envision the future for his organization and
create a suitable road map to achieve it, and he / she has to worry about the
allocation of resources and other such things. At the pinnacle of the corporate
hierarchy, his only job is that of envisioning, strategizing, setting goals,
communicating, motivating and reviewing progress. All great leaders are
remembered for their significant contributions. Gandhi is remembered as Mahatma
for his great contribution to India. If a person is not able to contribute
substantially to the organization during his tenure, he would hardly be called
a leader or be remembered.
In summary, there could be 100 different attributes of
a leader, which are mostly personality ethics, but these above ten are attributes,
which a principle-centered leader should follow for making a difference to his organization
and community at large. Wish you a great leadership career.
Love
NC
